A seizure is the result of a sudden increase in electrical brain activity that can cause altered behaviors and sensations in individuals. There are two classifications of seizures: generalized and partial. Generalized seizures occur when the entire brain is affected by electrical activity. Partial seizures occur when only part of the brain is affected. While many associate seizure activity with symptoms such as convulsions, there are other symptoms that are not as detectable to the observer.
Staring Episodes
Petit mal, or absence seizures, are seizures characterized by episodes of staring. These seizures last a very short period of time and affect predominately individuals under the age of 20, according to the National Library of Medicine. There generally is no warning preceding these episodes and no loss of consciousness associated with them either. The episodes of staring are usually sudden, with the individual improving fully with no confusion regarding the episode.
Loss of Consciousness
A loss of consciousness can signal seizure activity. The individual may collapse with no warning. The loss of consciousness may be accompanied by loss of bowel or bladder control. Complete body stiffening often is associated with loss of consciousness as well in this seizure symptom.
Convulsions
Convulsions are generally the most recognizable sign of seizure. A convulsion is characterized by uncontrolled shaking of body and limbs. According to the National Library of Medicine, convulsions that, on average, last 30 seconds to two minutes are not painful to for the sufferer. In rare and extreme cases, convulsions can be last for prolonged periods of time; in these cases, immediate medical attention should be sought.
Other Symptoms
There are other signs of seizure that may be less recognizable. Rapid eye movement, lip smacking, brief confusion, brief interruption in the ability to communicate and fumbling can all be signs of seizure activity. Seizures may be preceded by a feeling or sensation called a aura; however, often they are not. Depending on the individual, seizure activity may be triggered by lights, sounds or other stimuli, but this varies widely among individuals.
