Alpha hydroxy acids can be naturally derived acids or synthetic versions. The most common forms of alpha hydroxy acids used in skin care products are glycolic acid, which is derived from sugar cane, and lactic acid, which occurs naturally in milk. Alpha hydroxy acids increase the skin's sensitivity to the sun, so it is important to choose a product that contains sunscreen or to apply a separate sunscreen over the AHA product. Alpha hydroxy provides several benefits when used on the skin.
Smoother Skin
Alpha hydroxy products increase the rate that skin exfoliates. When the old, dead skin layer exfoliates, it reveals young, undamaged skin. This young skin is softer and smoother, which makes you look younger. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel recommends choosing alpha hydroxy products that contain 10 percent or less concentration of AHAs. The panel determined that this strength is strong enough to provide visible improvements, and mild enough to minimize side effects. Possible side effects of alpha hydroxy include itching, redness, burning and, in extreme cases, scarring.
Improved Skin Tone
Use of alpha hydroxy products may stimulate the skin's production of collagen and elastin, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. This, combined with the removal of older skin cells, creates a firmer, younger-looking profile. To maintain this look, choose AHA products that contain sunscreen or use a separate sunscreen after applying the AHA product. Sun sensitivity can continue for up to a week after you stop using alpha hydroxy products, so continue to apply sunscreen.
Clearer Skin
Alpha hydroxy acids work to dissolve impurities that block pores, creating pimples and enlarged pores. Regular use of alpha hydroxy products can help clear the skin and shrink pores. Alpha hydroxy acids that are marketed as acne treatments are often stronger than products labeled for younger-looking skin, according to the FDA. This stronger concentration may lead to an increased risk of side effects. When you begin using an AHA product, apply it every other day or every three days. Gradually increase the frequency until you are using it as directed on the packaging. This schedule reduces the risk of irritation.
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