Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease of unknown causes that affects the large intestine. In ulcerative colitis, the colon develops ulcers or sores and inflammation throughout the lining, according to the Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology website. People who have acute attacks of ulcerative colitis may require hospitalization or even surgical intervention. People with ulcerative colitis are also at higher risk of developing colon cancer. Medications ca help manage the inflammation of the colon; however, changes in diet may help reduce symptoms of ulcerative colitis flares.
Manage Fiber
While eating plenty of fruits and vegetables is important for healthy diets, people with ulcerative colitis must be cautious with the amount of fiber they consume. In ulcerative colitis, high fiber foods like apples, spinach and whole grain breads can cause diarrhea and cramping, according to MayoClinic.com. Patients should experiment with the amounts of fiber in the diet and different ways of preparing it in order to improve tolerance. Increasing fiber intake should be discussed with a physician.
Limit Dairy Products
Dairy products like milk and yogurt may increase diarrhea, cramping and gas in patients with ulcerative colitis. Some of these patients may be lactose intolerant. In lactose intolerance, the small intestine is unable to digest the sugar in dairy products, leading to diarrhea and cramping, according to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. These symptoms are similar to those of ulcerative colitis. Patients may find that limiting consumption of dairy products may improve their symptoms. Adding lactase enzyme supplementation, which improves digestion, may reduce problems as well.
Avoid Greasy Foods
Greasy or fried foods may cause diarrhea in some patients with ulcerative colitis. The fat in butter, margarine and cream sauces can cause intestinal problems because the fat may not be completely absorbed, according to the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. Patients need to determine if these foods cause intestinal symptoms and moderate consumption as needed.
Drink Plenty of Fluids
People with ulcerative colitis should drink plenty of fluids, according to the MayoClinic.com. Water or non-caffeinated or non-carbonated beverages work the best; alcoholic beverages and drinks containing caffeine can stimulate the intestines and increase diarrhea. Carbonated beverages like sodas can also increase intestinal gas in patients.
