Water on the brain is known as hydrocephalus. This condition is caused by cerebrospinal fluid building up in the brain. Two types of hydrocephalus exist: congenital and acquired. Congenital hydrocephalus is water on the brain that is present at birth. Acquired hydrocephalus is caused by an injury to the brain. Hydrocephalus is usually treated with the surgical placement of a shunt to drain fluid from the brain.
Infants and Toddlers
An infant with hydrocephalus may have prominent and bulging veins on his head. He may appear to have an enlarged head or a bulging soft spot. Irritability, vomiting and seizures are also signs. The baby may cry a lot with a high pitched cry. He may sleep more than usual and be difficult to wake.
Older Children and Adults
Older children and adults with water on the brain may experience severe headaches, which may be accompanied by lethargy or weakness. Nausea and vomiting are common signs. Personality changes, including a loss of interest in regular activities, may occur. Trouble with balance and/or coordination are also signs of hydrocephalus. Urinary incontinence is also possible. Memory lapses may occur in a patient with water on the brain.
Complications
People of any age may experience complications from water on the brain. Abnormal growth is common in children. Delayed sexual development or sexual dysfunction may occur. An electrolyte imbalance and vision problems are also complications of hydrocephalus. Some people with water on the brain may have learning disabilities or dementia.
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