A bunion forms at the joint of the big toe, causing deformity, swelling and soreness. The big toe may press against the other toes, further increasing the outward projection of the bunion. Improper footwear is often the cause of bunions; however, arthritis, inherited defects or foot stress may also play a role, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Change Shoes
A new pair of comfortable shoes is one way to relieve bunion discomfort without surgery. Shoes that don't require you to force your foot inside may relieve toe crowding and the discomfort of a bunion. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommends a shoe with a wide instep, a wide toe area and a sole that is soft and conforms to the foot. Heels of more than 2 1/4 inches are not recommended.
Tape the Joint
Much of the discomfort of bunions stems from the unnatural positioning of the big toe and its joint. A doctor may assist in padding the foot and taping it into place for a more natural position. This method may ease your bunion pain because of reduced stress on the joint. Getting help from a doctor ensures that the foot positioning is correct during the taping process.
Wear Shoe Inserts
Shoe inserts provide additional cushioning and help control movement of your foot, which may provide relief from bunion pain. Inserts may also prevent your bunion symptoms from worsening. Both over-the-counter and prescription shoe inserts are available, depending on your personal needs and the severity of your bunion.
Apply Ice
Swelling and inflammation of the bunion may make the discomfort more intense. To reduce discomfort, MayoClinic.com recommends icing the bunion two or three times each day. This may provide temporary pain relief and reduce swelling.
Apply Bunion Pads
Bunion pads are available over the counter in most drugstores. The pads are often filled with gel to provide comfort. They may include a protector piece or sleeve that slips around the big toe, to hold the gel pad in position.
