As a cause of disability, depression ranks highest in the list of mood disorders described in The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV), according to a report on the U.S. Surgeon General's website. The DSM-IV defines a major depressive episode as having at least five or more specific signs and symptoms.
Identification
At least one of the symptoms of depression, according to DSM-IV, must be depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities.
Signs
Other signs and symptoms of depression, according to the DSM-IV, are weight loss, insomnia, restlessness or slowing down, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, confusion and recurring thoughts of death.
Time Frame
In order to lead to a diagnosis of depression as defined in the DSM-IV, the signs and symptoms must be present for at least two consecutive weeks.
Effects
To meet DSM-IV criteria, the signs and symptoms of depression must significantly interfere with a person's personal and professional life.
Considerations
Major depression as defined by the DSM-IV cannot be due to substance abuse, side effects of medication, a medical condition or normal grief.
