Signs of miscarriage are not the same for every woman. Symptoms can occur over a matter of days, culminating in loss of pregnancy. Miscarriage is the result of improper development of the fertilized embryo in the womb in the majority of cases. Age, infection, autoimmune blood-clotting disorder known as antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), physical trauma, and abnormality of the shape of the uterus contribute to the chances of having a miscarriage. Another name for miscarriage is spontaneous abortion.
Vaginal Bleeding
Vaginal bleeding can be the first sign of a miscarriage. Bleeding can also be normal during the first three months of pregnancy, and does not always mean a woman will lose her baby. Bleeding can be spotty and intermittent, or mimic menstruation. Any vaginal bleeding should be reported to the doctor. Examination by a doctor is always needed to determine the cause of vaginal bleeding and whether miscarriage is threatened, inevitable or complete. Bleeding, other than spotting, early in pregnancy is considered a threatened miscarriage. It is common to pass clots. Examination by a physician will show whether the opening to the cervix (cervical os) is dilated or open, a sign that miscarriage could occur.
Pain
Abdominal cramping and low back pain in conjunction with vaginal bleeding are signs of miscarriage, especially if it happens after the first 20 weeks of pregnancy," Pain can be sharp, cramping, or dull. Backaches might be present. After 22 weeks of pregnancy, low back and abdominal pain, and contractions may be signs of preterm labor.
Changes in Hormone Levels
HCG, human chorionic gonadotropin, is the blood test your physician performs to confirm pregnancy. When miscarriage occurs, HCG levels decline. HCG levels can also be measured in the urine. When miscarriage is suspected, your doctor will recheck your HCG blood levels. Within 4 to 6 weeks after miscarriage has occurred HCG levels usually return to pre-pregnancy range. Your doctor will continue to monitor your hormone levels, along with other tests to determine whether miscarriage is complete.
Loss of Pregnancy Symptoms
Other signs of miscarriage include loss of breast tenderness, nausea and fatigue and other declines in symptoms associated with pregnancy. Weight loss is common early in pregnancy, but may also be a sign of miscarriage if accompanied by other symptoms.
