Malnutrition is the condition that manifests when your body does not receive enough nutrients. An inadequate or unbalanced diet, digestive or absorption problems and certain medical conditions can cause malnutrition. One of the most common causes of malnutrition is not eating enough food. Numerous diseases are associated with prolonged malnutrition.
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia. Anemia is a condition in which the body lacks sufficient healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen to the body's tissues, which provides the body with energy and healthy-looking skin. Without enough iron, the body cannot produce hemoglobin -- a substance that allows the red blood cells to carry oxygen. Common signs and symptoms associated with iron deficiency anemia include extreme fatigue, pale skin, weakness, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, irritability, brittle nails and irregular heartbeat. Malnutrition, blood loss, pregnancy and an inability to absorb iron can all cause iron deficiency anemia.
Beriberi
Beriberi, also known as vitamin B1 deficiency, is a condition in which the body does not have enough thiamine, or vitamin B1. There are two principle types of beriberi: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi primarily affects the cardiovascular system, while dry beriberi usually affects the nervous system. Beriberi is uncommon among Americans because many foods consumed in the United States are enriched with vitamin B1 and other nutrients, notes MedlinePlus. However, excessive consumption of alcohol can lead to poor nutrition and an inability to absorb and store vitamin B1, causing beriberi. Common signs and symptoms associated with wet beriberi include increased heart rate, shortness of breath during exertion and swelling of both lower legs. Signs and symptoms associated with dry beriberi include difficulty walking, mental confusion and pain.
Scurvy
Scurvy is caused by a dietary deficiency of vitamin C. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is necessary for normal growth, development and tissue repair. Vitamin C helps the body form collagen, which is an important protein used to produce skin, scar tissue, tendons, ligaments and blood vessels. Vitamin C also helps maintain cartilage, bones and teeth. Scurvy is a severe form of vitamin C deficiency that usually affects older, malnourished individuals. Common signs and symptoms associated with a vitamin C deficiency include dry hair, inflammation of the gums, bleeding gums, rough skin, easy bruising, nosebleeds, painful joints, anemia, weakened immune system and weight gain due to slow metabolism.
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