Since the introduction of the mandatory use of full face visors or cages in amateur hockey, the discussion of hockey helmet safety includes that of visor or cage safety. Hockey is fast-paced and exciting but also at times a violent game. Hockey is described by USA hockey Chief Medical Officer, Dr. Michael J. Stuart as a finesse sport that requires dexterity, speed and power, but is also a violent sport played with clubs, a bullet and knives. The need for proper protection against injuries is essential and it all starts with the helmet.
Certification
Hockey equipment, especially helmets, undergo rigorous testing by the Hockey Equipment Certification Council, HECC in the United States and by the Canadian Standards Association, CSA, in Canada. All hockey helmets and face protectors have to carry the HECC or CSA approved sticker before sale. The HECC website describes its role as "a non-profit organization that was created at the request of USA hockey in 1978 whose purpose was to establish an independent certification body for amateur hockey equipment, primarily head protection. "
Injury Risk
With each higher level of play, the risk of injury increases. For every 1,000 hours of hockey played, there is an injury rate of 96.1 in junior hockey. This according to a study published in the "American Journal of Sports Medicine" in 1995 by M.J. Stuart and A.M. Smith, reports USA Hockey. There is also a 25 times higher risk of being injured during a game than a practice.
Prevention
Research into concussions and head injuries has led to some significant changes to the safety of hockey helmets. Hockey helmets now have better impact dispersion mechanics and interior absorption materials. Although helmets cannot eliminate all concussions, hockey helmet manufacturers continually improve their products. The same can be said about visors and cages. Previously, visors would fog up and scratch easily. Manufacturers are now selling scratch- and fog-resistant visors and cages with better impact resistance and visibility.
Choosing a Helmet
When looking to purchase a hockey helmet and visor always look for the HECC or CSA sticker. Never buy a helmet that is more than five years old. Resist the temptation to buy a used helmet or the hand-me-down system. Helmets lose their protective properties over time and need to be fitted and sized properly for optimum protection. The helmet should fit snugly and rest just above the eyebrows. Wearing the helmet tilted back offers little protection and exposes the face to possible injury. Always use and tighten the chin strap. When purchasing a visor or cage, ensure all accompanying hardware is included. Do not buy a used cage. Helmets showing signs of an impact, cracks or missing pieces should not be worn. Never alter, modify, paint or place stickers or decals on the helmet.
Helmet Safety
Hockey helmets and visors are the most important piece of equipment. Take the time to get the proper fit and visibility when choosing your helmet. Although they can't completely eliminate the chances of getting a concussion, they will protect you significantly from blunt trauma from the stick, puck, blades and opponents. A full visor or cage will protect your eyes, mouth, teeth and face from lacerations and trauma during the game. According to Stuart, 95 percent of all NHL hockey players will suffer some type of facial injury during their career, but that zero eye injuries occurred to junior hockey players wearing a full visor. Hockey helmet and visor safety is imperative for proper injury prevention and reducing the risk of facial and head trauma.
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