Ephedra is a natural herb commonly found in antihistamines and dietary supplements, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Ephedra was originally used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat asthma, bronchitis and upper respiratory infections, but later it became known as a weight loss supplement, energy booster and performance enhancer. In 2004, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, banned the sale of ephedra-based supplements in the United States due to its harmful and potentially life-threatening side effects. It is always important to know the risks and check with a physician before taking herbal supplements.
High Blood Pressure
Some people may experience an increase in blood pressure while using ephedra. Ephedra works by stimulating the body's circulatory system and heart rate, which can increase the pressure in the body and cause hypertension or high blood pressure. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine states that in 2004, the FDA found that ephedra-based supplements cause an unreasonable risk of illness or injury to the consumer. The FDA announced that ephedra was only slightly effective for short-term weight loss and could trigger high blood pressure, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. People with a family history of heart problems such as heart attacks or strokes and those who take blood pressure medication or blood thinners have an increased risk of ephedra complications and should seek medical advice before taking this supplement.
Heart Attacks and Strokes
The most serious side effects associated with ephedra are heart attacks and strokes. According to a press report in 2005 by the FDA, ephedra can over-stimulate the circulatory system and cause serious heart problems. A history of heart conditions can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes in people who use ephedra. It is important to seek emergency medical care if rapid heartbeats, heart palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, back pain, jaw aches or seizures occur.
Gastrointestinal Problems
Some people may experience mild gastrointestinal problems when using ephedra, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. People who take ephedra report upset stomach, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, nausea and vomiting. These side effects usually accompany a decreased appetite or bowel changes. Taking ephedra-based products on an empty stomach can increase the risk of gastrointestinal problems, so it is advised to take this supplement with food or milk.
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