MedlinePlus describes warts as small, typically painless growths on the skin caused by the human papilloma virus. Warts can grow anywhere on the body, including the hands, soles of the feet and genital area. Over-the-counter wart removers may work on common or plantar warts, but do not apply to the face or genital area. See your physician before treating, as a biopsy may be required to rule out cancerous growths or other conditions.
Salicylic Acid
Salicylic acid, a peeling agent that works by removing the top layer of skin, is the most common active over-the-counter wart remover ingredient. It is used in brand names such as Dr. Scholl's Clear Away, Compound-W and Wart-Off Treatment, according to Drugs.com. Do not use salicylic acid on open wounds, sunburned or chapped skin. Those with kidney or liver disease, diabetes or poor circulation should consult a physician before using wart removers containing salicylic acid. Serious side effects are unusual, but may include allergic reaction or severe skin irritation. Ingesting or using more than the recommended amount of wart remover containing salicylic acid can result in potentially fatal poisoning, according to MedlinePlus.com. Signs include breathing difficulty, convulsions, mild skin burn, dizziness and hallucinations.
Dimethyl Ether
Products such as Dr. Scholl's Freeze Away and Compound W Freeze Off use a dimethyl ether and propane combination to freeze the wart, allowing it to fall off. These products come in pressurized canister accompanied by a swab for precise application of the freezing agent. However, MayoClinic.com explains that these over-the-counter freezing agents are not as effective as cryotherapy performed by a physician using liquid nitrogen because they do not freeze at as low of a temperature. These products may cause a mild stinging sensation during use. Contact your physician if you experience persistent stinging or aching after use.
Alcohol
Several salicylic acid wart removers use alcohol as an inactive base for the active agent. The World Health Organization explains that alcohol-based products are flammable and should be stored in a cool, dry place. Alcohol can also be drying to the skin and should be sparingly in those suffering from dry skin. Contact your physician before using if you have eczema, psoriasis or other chronic skin conditions.
Other Inactive Ingredients
Other inactive ingredients in over-the-counter wart removers include skin moisturizers such as lanolin, antioxidants, iron, synthetic rubber and mineral oil. Inactive ingredients vary significantly from product to product. Although inactive ingredients are typically safe and rarely known to cause significant side effects, allergic reactions can occur with any product. Read labels carefully and inform your physician immediately if you experience any negative side effects.
