A strain occurs when you stretch or tear a muscle or tendon, according to MayoClinic.com. The lower back and hamstring muscles at the back of your thighs are most vulnerable to strains. A back muscle strain can leave you sidelined for days or weeks, disrupting activity at home and work, as well as putting your recreational activity on hold. While mild and moderate cases respond well to home treatment, more serious strains may require surgery.
Causes
According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, the most common cause of low back injuries such as muscle strains or spasms is using your back to perform heavy duties such as lifting furniture or yard work. A car accident, fall or poor body mechanics while doing an activity can also trigger pain.
Effect
Some symptoms of back muscle strain vary based on the severity of your injury, according to the Sports Injury Clinic. Mild back strain may cause tightness in your back, but without much swelling or problems walking. Moderate back strain may cause swelling, twinges of pain and difficulty walking. If you suffer a severe back strain, expect to feel severe pain, significant swelling immediately after the injury, difficulty walking and a longer recovery.
Home Remedies
Rest for one to two days after suffering a back injury. However, resting for a prolonged period is not recommended because it weakens your muscles and delays recovery, according to the AAFP. They also recommend applying heat for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Lying on the floor with your legs on a chair, a massage or stretches can also help. Some over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can relieve pain. Topical rubs containing ingredients such as capsaicin can also dull pain.
Medical Attention
If at-home remedies do not provide relief for your back injury, consult a doctor. Your doctor will be able to recommend other treatments or refer you to a specialist such as a physiotherapist. A physiotherapist can prescribe a rehabilitation program to speed up healing that might include exercises, or ultrasound or electrical therapy. Surgery to repair a torn muscle or tendon may be necessary in severe back strain cases.
Caution
While over-the-counter medications can soothe the pain of a back muscle strain, they can cause side effects such as stomach upset or bleeding, nausea or shortness of breath. They should not be taken without medical advice if you have another illness, you're on other medication or consuming alcohol.
