Diarrhea is defined by the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse as loose, watery stools that are usually passed more than three times per day. Acute diarrhea occurs suddenly and usually dissipates within one to two days. Chronic diarrhea is defined as diarrhea that lasts for more than two days. Chronic diarrhea immediately after eating usually indicates the presence of an underlying digestive disorder, but may indicate a food-borne infection.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
One of the most common causes of chronic diarrhea immediately after eating is a bowel disorder called irritable bowel syndrome. Those with irritable bowel syndrome often experience severe abdominal cramps and abdominal bloating, in addition to diarrhea immediately after meals. Although extremely bothersome, irritable bowel syndrome does not cause permanent damage to the intestines like other digestive diseases. The cause of irritable bowel syndrome is unknown.
Food Poisoning
Food poisoning is another cause of chronic diarrhea immediately after eating. Food poisoning is an intestinal infection that occurs as a result of food contaminated with bacteria, parasites, viruses or toxins from these infectious organisms. According to MayoClinic.com, diarrhea and vomiting can begin immediately after eating and last for up to 10 days. In addition to diarrhea and vomiting, other symptoms of food poisoning include abdominal pain, stomach cramps, loss of appetite, fatigue and fever.
Complications
Chronic diarrhea is one of the most common causes of dehydration, which is a condition that occurs when the body loses more fluid than it takes in. The body is made up of approximately 60 percent water, according to "Nutrition and You" by Joan Salge Blake. When water is lost, it causes an imbalance in the electrolytes sodium, calcium and potassium, which can lead to a variety of physical symptoms including thirst, decreased urination, dry skin, fatigue, lightheadedness and dark-colored urine. In high-risk individuals, such as infants, young children and elderly adults, severe dehydration can lead to death.
Dehydration Prevention
In order to prevent dehydration during times of chronic diarrhea, it is important to replace lost fluids and electrolytes promptly. Water is an important part of replacing lost fluid, but water does not contain the important electrolytes needed for proper body function. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse notes soups that contain sodium, fruit juices and fruits and vegetables that contain potassium can help return electrolyte balances to normal. There are also over-the-counter electrolyte solutions available.
Treatment
Treatment for chronic diarrhea immediately after eating depends on the underlying cause. If dehydration does develop, hospitalization may be necessary. During hospitalization, fluids and electrolytes will be administered intravenously. Those with irritable bowel syndrome may be given anti-diarrheals or medications that slow intestinal contractions. Bacterial food poisoning infections will be treated with a series of antibiotics.
