Noni, a tropical fruit originating in Polynesia, has been used for centuries as a naturopathic medicine and general health tonic. According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, noni juice is a powerful antioxidant, or a product that can defend cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen molecules. Preliminary evidence also suggests that noni can combat the growth of cancerous cells. Although generally safe, noni should not be used during pregnancy except under the guidance of a qualified health care provider.
Benefits
Noni fruit offers several benefits to the human body. The NCCAM states that noni juice may help to protect against some forms of cancer, and may promote cardiovascular health and immune function. According to the American Cancer Society, folk healers use noni to treat diseases including asthma, HIV, dysentery, coughs, colds, flu, arthritis and inflammation. However, there is little evidence of its efficacy as a method for treating or preventing any of these conditions.
Function
Most of noni juice's health benefits relate to its high antioxidant capacity. Antioxidant fruits such as noni defend the body against damage associated with free radicals, which are highly reactive oxygen molecules produced in response to stress, pollution, sunlight exposure and aging. As a natural source of antioxidants, noni juice may help to promote overall wellness by protecting healthy cells. However, there is no evidence that it is more effective as an antioxidant than other common fruits, such as cranberry, grape and blueberry.
General Side Effects
In both pregnant and non-pregnant individuals, noni juice can cause a variety of side effects, ranging from mild to severe. According to the American Cancer Society, noni can turn urine a reddish or pinkish color; this can be alarming but is ultimately harmless. Additionally, preliminary evidence suggests that noni can cause or worsen certain forms of liver disease. Until studies have further investigated noni's effects on the liver, people with conditions such as hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis should avoid foods derived from the plant.
Effects on Pregnancy
The American Cancer Society notes that no studies have investigated noni juice's effects during pregnancy. It is not clear if noni contains compounds that can trigger contractions in the uterus, miscarriage or preterm birth. In theory, compounds in noni may contribute to certain birth defects. Because it is metabolized by the liver, large doses of noni could also cross the placenta and harm the developing liver of an unborn baby. As a precaution, it is best to avoid noni juice during all stages of pregnancy.
Considerations
Because there is no evidence that noni juice can treat any disease or condition, the fruit's possible benefits do not outweigh its theoretical risks. If you are pregnant and seeking a nutritional supplement high in natural antioxidants, consult your health care provider about drinking a safer fruit juice, such as grape, blueberry, cherry, pomegranate or cranberry. These common fruits yield high-antioxidant juices with fewer potential risks than noni.
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