Characteristics of Developmentally Delayed Children

Overview

Developmental delays come in a variety of forms and can be very specific to the individual child. Developmental delays can exist with a myriad of other conditions, such as learning disabilities, mood, attention deficit or impulse control disorders. Supportive treatment programs are becoming more available for children with developmental delays.

Types

Identification of developmental delays will typically fall into specific categories described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Types of disorders include pervasive developmental disorder, autistic disorder, Rett's disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder and Asperger's disorder.

Features

Impairment that is severe and consistent across areas of development is characteristic of these types of disorders. Developmentally delayed children will have problems in social interactions, communication skills and will display significantly repetitive behavior or unique interests separating the child from his peers.

Identification

Recognition of these features usually occurs when the child is entering school and is compared to peers. Other conditions, such as congenital medical issues, chromosomal abnormalities, speech problems, tics or mental retardation, can accompany developmental delays.

Effects

Failure to connect with peers, difficulties recognizing non-verbal social cues, body swaying, rocking, chewing on objects, poor hygiene and impaired speech are characteristics of developmentally delayed individuals. The impairments may have secondary effects of depression or anxiety.

Prevention/Solution

Prevention of developmental delays is difficult as it is usually a condition that is genetic and predetermined at birth. However, recognizing delays early in a child's life and seeking supportive services can significantly improve functioning.