Cholesterol is often measured by physicians and used as an indicator of health status. There are two types of cholesterol, LDL and HDL, and for a long time, medicine has focused on LDL. However, in recent years a greater focus has been placed on the importance of HDL. Understanding what HDL is, how it is measured, why it is important and what factors influence it can help you learn more about your health status and make informed medical decisions.
What is HDL Cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found in almost all cells of the body. Your body usually makes all the cholesterol it needs. Cholesterol, which is fatty, does not mix well with blood, which is watery. Think about trying to mix oil and water. It just doesn't work. To transport cholesterol in your bloodstream, the body packages it with molecules called lipoproteins. HDL stands for high-density lipoproteen. It carries cholesterol from other parts of your body back to the liver for removal.
How is Cholesterol Measured?
A test for HDL is usually done as part of a larger lipid panel that tests triglycerides and all forms of cholesterol. The test is usually performed on blood that has been drawn by your physician or a registered nurse. According to Lab Tests Online, a complete lipid profile requires fasting for nine to 12 hours before your blood is drawn. However, HDL can still be measured from blood taken when you are not fasting.
What are Medically Dangerous HDL Cholesterol Levels?
The American Heart Association lists HDL levels of 60 mg/dl and above as ideal. Levels between 50 and 60 mg/dl are borderline. If your HDL level is below 50 mg/dl for women or 40 mg/dl for men, it is considered low. This is a risk factor for heart disease.
Why is HDL Important?
According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the higher your HDL, the lower your chance of getting heart disease. This is because HDL is important for the transport of peripheral cholesterol to the liver for removal. Without this process, cholesterol can build up and clog your arteries.
What Other Factors Are Involved?
There are several things that will raise or lower your HDL level. Factors that negatively impact your HDL level are smoking, obesity, alcohol and inactivity. MayoClinic.com recommends those seeking to raise their HDL level refrain from smoking, lose weight, start an exercise routine and limit their intake of saturated and trans fats.
