Weight loss operations are often performed to help obese patients lose weight and lead healthy lives. Because these operations are major surgical procedures, only certain patients are eligible. In addition, they carry serious health risks. However, if you follow the recommendations of your medical provider, weight loss operations can be very effective.
Definition
Weight loss operations are surgeries that alter a patient's anatomy in order to help her lose weight. They are performed on individuals who are severely overweight and have not been able to lose weight through the traditional methods of diet and exercise. Because weight loss surgery is an extreme treatment, it is usually only performed as a last resort. The most common weight loss operation is gastric bypass, or bariatric surgery. During gastric bypass, the lower part of your stomach is sealed off and food travels directly from the upper part of your stomach to your small intestine. This change in anatomy limits the amount of food your stomach can hold.
Patients
Only certain patients are eligible for gastric bypass, or any other weight loss operation. The final say as to your suitability belongs to your surgeon. However, according to the Mayo Clinic, the general criteria are as follows. You must have a BMI over 40, or a BMI over 35 and a weight-related health issue, such as diabetes or high blood pressure. In addition, you must be unable to reach your desired weight by following a healthy diet and exercise regimen.
Recovery
It will take weeks for you to fully recover from the operation, and you may experience symptoms for up to six months as your body reacts to the weight loss. Common side effects include body aches, dry skin, hair thinning and mood changes. An important part of your recovery involves following a proper diet to allow your stomach to heal. The weight loss operation diet starts with liquids served at room temperature, such as soups and broths, and gradually incorporates food with harder textures.
Risks
Weight loss surgery is a major medical procedure, and therefore comes with its share of risks. One common complication is dumping syndrome. Dumping syndrome occurs when food travels too quickly through your stomach and into your intestine, causing diarrhea and nausea. Other symptoms from the surgery include dehydration, constipation and vomiting.
Results
According to the Mayo Clinic, you can expect to lose 50 to 60 percent of your excess weight within two years post-operation. Long-term weight loss, however, depends on your ability to lead a healthy lifestyle. In order to keep the weight off, you must follow a healthy diet, limit high-calorie and high-fat foods, and exercise regularly.
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