High cholesterol levels and high blood pressure, or hypertension, are both conditions that increase the chances of heart attack and do not show any symptoms until late in the disease. According to Consumer Reports Health, when a high level of cholesterol--a fatty substance normally used by cells-- accumulates in the bloodstream, it causes deposits of plaque to form inside the arteries, reducing blood flow. High blood pressure typically develops as people age and the arteries become stiffer and less flexible. The American Heart Association recommends that people have their blood pressure checked at least every two years beginning at age 20, and more often if they are diagnosed with hypertension.
Irregular Heartbeat
It is possible to have high blood pressure for years without knowing it because symptoms do not typically appear until late in the disease. According to MedlinePlus, an irregular heartbeat may develop after years of high blood pressure. Blood pressure is the measurement of the force exerted against the artery walls by the blood as the heart pumps it. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury, written as mmHg. There are two readings taken: the systolic pressure is the higher number and represents the pressure while the heart contracts, and the diastolic pressure is the lower number, representing the pressure when the heart relaxes. High blood pressure is any reading over 140/90 mmHg.
Dizziness and Confusion
According to MayoClinic.com, confusion and dizziness can occur with end-stage hypertension. The excessive amount of pressure exerted on artery walls can damage the blood vessels and organs they bring blood to. A contributing factor to high blood pressure can be the narrowed arteries caused by high cholesterol. Other risks for developing high blood pressure include smoking, being overweight, having a family history of high blood pressure, eating a high-salt diet, having an inactive lifestyle and consuming too much alcohol. African Americans tend to have higher incidences of high blood pressure.
Xanthoma Formation
Consumer Reports Health states that high cholesterol has virtually no symptoms unless cholesterol levels are extremely elevated, which leads to the formation of small, yellowish deposits under the skin. Those with familial hypercholesterolemia, an inherited form of high cholesterol, form fatty bulges, called xanthomas, around the ankles and knuckles. Xanthomas can also be found in clusters, called xanthelasmas, around the eyelids. Risk factors for developing high cholesterol include having high blood pressure, smoking, being overweight, eating a diet of fatty meats and dairy products, having an inactive lifestyle, having a family history of heart disease and being diabetic.
