Probiotics have been defined by the United Nations and World Health Organization Expert Panel as "live microorganisms, which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host." They are most often bacteria similar to the "good" microorganisms found naturally in the human gut. Probiotics are believed to increase the healthy bacteria in the gut, while suppressing the growth of the bad microorganisms.
Function
Ingested probiotics are believed to adhere to the gut wall and increase mucus barriers, preventing pathogen adherence and growth. Scientists are testing the possibility that probiotics produce anti-infectives, such as hydrogen peroxide and bactriocins, which may kill or prevent growth of disease-causing bacteria, yeast, fungi and parasites.
Benefits
There is encouraging evidence that probiotics may be beneficial for treating several illnesses, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, or NCCAM, and the American Society for Microbiology. The strongest evidence is for the treatment of diarrhea, particularly from the rotavirus. Some evidence shows a benefit for females suffering from yeast infections or urinary infections. Probiotics may also help to reduce the length of intestinal infection from the bacterium Clostridium difficile. Other potential benefits include decreasing bladder cancer recurrence, preventing and managing dermatitis in children, and treating irritable bowel syndrome.
Sources
Probiotics can be found in foods and as supplements. When purchasing probiotics, be sure the product is labeled "live and active cultures." Foods containing probiotics include yogurt, tempeh, miso, soy beverages and some juices. The most common probiotics are lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.
Probiotics vs. Prebiotics
Probiotics are live microorganisms. Prebiotics are indigestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth of beneficial microorganisms. It is believed prebiotics aid probiotics by providing a food source for the microorganisms. Prebiotics are found naturally in dairy products, whole grains, and many fruits and vegetables.
Considerations
Consult your health-care provider before adding any supplement to your diet. Diet supplements are regulated as a food not a drug, so make sure products have been verified by an outside laboratory, such as the United States Pharmacopeia, or USP. Food products are generally safe with the only known side effect being increased bloating and gas. If you notice any adverse side effects after adding probiotics to your diet, contact your health-care provider.
Member Comments