Arthritis is one of the most prevalent health problems affecting nearly 1 in 5 adults in the United States, according to the Arthritis Foundation. With over 100 different forms of arthritis -- or inflammation of the joints -- treatment options and effectiveness vary from one type to another and from person to person. Along with traditional medical approaches to arthritis, such as prescription medications, many people have turned to dietary supplements as an alternative approach to relieve the symptoms of arthritis.
Chondroitin Sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring substance found in cartilage -- a type of connective tissue at the end of the bone that acts as a cushion between joints. Chondroitin helps cartilage retain fluid, prevent breakdown by enzymes and plays a role in producing new cartilage for the body. Chondroitin sulfate is only available as a dietary supplement in tablet, capsule or power form and is often indicated for the treatment of osteoarthritis -- the most common form of arthritis. It may help reduce pain, inflammation and swelling as well as improve joint movement, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. However, debates and conflicting studies continue into the effectiveness of chondroitin sulfate as treatment of arthritis.
Glucosamine
Glucosamine is another naturally occurring molecule found in cartilage. It plays a major role in the building of new cartilage as well as repair and maintenance. It also helps keep the joints lubricated and is often combined with chondroitin sulfate in supplement form. Derived from the shells of shellfish, glucosamine supplements may help reduce the pain and inflammation of arthritis as well as slow the deterioration of cartilage, according to Arthritis Today. Glucosamine may take up to four months to be effective and like chondroitin sulfate supplements, studies looking at the effectiveness of glucosamine have shown mixed results.
Essential Fatty Acids
Omega-3 and omega-6, two essential fatty acids, may help reduce the pain and stiffness associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Essential fatty acids are not produced by the body, but are required for proper functioning and must come from the food we eat. According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids show promise in relieving the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis; however they show little effect on slowing the progression of the disease, according to research studies. Good sources of omega-3 and omega-6 include fish and fish oils and vegetable or plant-based oils.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Chondroitin
- Arthritis Today: Supplement Guide: Chondroitin Sulfate
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Glucosamine
- Arthritis Today: Supplement Guide: Glucosamine
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Rheumatoid Arthritis and CAM
- Arthritis Foundation: Arthritis Facts
