L-Lysine, or lysine, is an amino acid necessary for the production of the nutrient carnitine, which converts fatty acids into energy and helps lower blood cholesterol. Lysine also aids in collagen formation of and calcium absorption. The body doesn't make its own lysine. You get it from the food you eat or through supplementation, the latter of which should be done under medical supervision.
Cold Sores/Herpes
Lysine is commonly used to reduce the intensity and frequency of cold sores, caused by the herpes simplex 1 virus, and genital herpes, which is caused by the herpes simplex 2 virus. Lysine is more effective if taken with other vitamins that are also known for retarding the growth of the herpes virus such as zinc, bioflavonoid and vitamin C. Lysine also represses the metabolism of the amino acid arginine, which the herpes virus needs to become active and replicate.
Osteoporosis
Lysine helps control calcium levels in the urine and helps the body absorb calcium. According to the University of Maryland Medical center, it is believed that lysine may prevent bone loss due to osteoporosis. Lysine combined with L-arginine enhances collagen production and makes bone-building cells more active. However, it is not yet known whether lysine prevents the onset of osteoporosis.
Sources
Foods that are high in protein, such as red meat, poultry and pork, are also good sources of lysine. Other lysine-rich foods are Parmesan cheese, sardines, cod, eggs, tofu, soybeans, legumes and dairy products.
Dosage
A healthy diet will provide all the lysine you need; however, vegans, athletes and burn patients may need to add more lysine to their diet through food or supplements. A lysine deficiency can cause fatigue, nausea, reproductive disorders, dizziness, loss of appetite, bloodshot eyes, agitation and slow growth. Adults 13 and older need 12 mg of lysine per day. People with herpes outbreaks should take 3,000 to 9,000 mg in divided doses per day; 1,000 mg three times a day to prevent recurrences. Children should not be given lysine unless under medical supervision.
Safety/Cautions
Lysine is relatively safe; however, dosages in excess of the recommended daily intake can cause gallstones. People with liver or kidney disease or pregnant or lactating women should seek the advice of their doctor before taking lysine supplements. People taking arginine should also get medical advice prior to taking lysine, because high arginine levels can result in low lysine levels in the body.
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