In many cases, an itchy, dry scalp is a sign of dandruff caused by a skin rash called seborrheic dermatitis, according to Health Services at Columbia University. However, if you have an itchy, dry scalp, you may also have an allergy, a fungal infection or another skin disorder such as psoriasis. Your doctor will be able to accurately pinpoint the cause and suggest the best treatment for your itchy, dry scalp. In the mean time, follow some basic strategies to soothe your irritated skin.
Harmful Habits
No matter how itchy and dry your scalp feels, resist the urge to scratch it. Scratching your skin may make your skin problem worse and cause extra harm to your scalp, cautions Health Services at Columbia University. Because scratching can be a subconscious habit -- or at least one that's difficult to resist -- you may help yourself by trimming your nails short and wearing gloves.
Home Remedies
Apply a cool, wet compress to your scalp. This may have the double effect of soothing the itch and protecting your scalp from your scratching fingers. Another way to reduce the itch and dryness from home is to sprinkle some baking soda or uncooked oatmeal into a tub of water and immerse your head in it.
Avoiding Irritants
The skin on your scalp may be hypersensitive to dyes or perfumes in your shampoo or conditioner, or in other hair products such as hair spray. Use a product labeled "hypoallergenic" or at least use a product that doesn't contain dyes or fragrances, and thoroughly rinse your scalp every shower. Keep an eye out for other potential triggers as well. For example, your scalp may also become irritated if it comes into contact with wool, synthetic fabrics or clothing that is washed in a harsh detergent, notes MassGeneral Hospital for Children.
Shampoo Treatment
A common treatment for seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis is an over-the-counter shampoo that contains an active ingredient such as salicylic acid, ketoconazole or tar, according to MayoClinic.com. Use the shampoo twice per day to start with so that you can determine whether it helps control your symptoms. If it works, cut down your use to two to three times weekly. You may notice that one shampoo works temporarily but loses some of its effectiveness over time. If this happens, alternate between two medicated shampoos and make sure you're keeping the shampoo in for at least three to five minutes to give the ingredients time to work.
Ointment
You may need to apply a cream or ointment if you experience severe itching or if your itchy and dry scalp is caused by a fungal infection. For example, an over-the-counter cream that contains 1 percent hydrocortisone may temporarily help reduce itch, and an anti-fungal tolnaftate cream may clear up a ringworm infection on the scalp, but consult your doctor before you try any medicated product.
