Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver slowly deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury caused by chronic conditions and diseases. According to the American Gastroenterological Association, cirrhosis is the 11th leading cause of death by disease in the United States. A healthy diet plays an important role in managing all stages of cirrhosis, as malnutrition is often a concern.
No Alcohol
According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, the most common cause of liver disease in the United States is alcohol abuse. Consuming 32 to 48 oz. of beer, 4 to 8 oz. of liquor or 16 to 32 oz. of wine every day for 10 to 15 years or longer greatly increases your chances of developing cirrhosis. How much alcohol you drink, how often, and for how many years are more important factors what kind of alcohol you drink. The alcoholic cirrhosis patient must permanently stop consuming alcohol.
Sodium
The cirrhosis patient should limit salt in the diet. Salt encourages the body to retain water. Following a low-sodium diet involves avoiding adding salt to foods and avoiding foods that are high in salt. Foods that are high in salt generally are processed and prepared foods. Examples of such foods include canned meats, soups and vegetables, crackers and cold cuts. When cooking, instead of adding salt to your food, try spices, lemon juice or black pepper to add flavor.
Limit Protein
Protein helps repair muscle mass, but with cirrhosis, too much protein can raise ammonia levels and can trigger hepatic encephalopathy. Diets should include protein types that are more easily digested, such as legumes, poultry and fish. Eating vegetable proteins, such as soy, in place of animal proteins may also be recommended. Decreasing proteins that are more difficult to digest, including red meats, are also favorable, as it results in lower levels of toxin formation in the digestive tract. A doctor or dietitian can determine the correct amount of protein needed in the diet.
Avoid Raw Shellfish
People with cirrhosis should avoid raw shellfish as it can contains a bacterium that can cause serious infection. The bacteria called Vibrio vulnificus, can be dangerous to people with cirrhosis. Make sure shellfish is completely cooked before consumption.
Herbs
According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, some studies have used the herbs bupleurum, licorice root, milk thistle and cordyceps to treat cirrhosis. Herbs should only be taken under the supervision of a doctor, as everything ingested is processed through the liver.
Antioxidants
According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, there is some preliminary evidence that antioxidants, like vitamin E and selenium, might help in treating primary biliary cirrhosis; however, there is no evidence that taking these supplements will help. Antioxidants can be increased in the diet by eating plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains.
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