People who are obese can sometimes benefit from gastric bypass surgery. However, this surgery is not without risks, both during and after the surgery. One thing patients need to be careful about after having this type of surgery is preventing vitamin and mineral deficiencies, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Features
During gastric bypass surgery, part of the stomach and intestine is blocked off, making the stomach smaller to make it easier for patients to lose weight. However, while reducing the ability of the body to absorb calories, it also reduces the ability of your body to absorb vitamins and minerals that are necessary for good health.
Types
Iron, B12 and calcium deficiencies are common after gastric bypass surgery, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, increasing the risk of anemia and osteoporosis. A 2009 Review by Marc R. Matrana, M.D., M.S. published in "Southern Medical Journal" found that deficiencies in vitamin A, thiamine, folate, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D and vitamin K also occur in those who have had this type of surgery.
Prevention
People who have had gastric bypass surgery can prevent vitamin deficiencies by taking a multivitamin and mineral supplement, although they may need to take additional vitamin supplements as well depending on their diet. Because of the low amount of calories they can consume after the surgery it is very difficult to meet their nutrient needs from food alone, according to Matrana.
Considerations
Supplements in addition to a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement should be taken in amounts determined by a doctor, since some vitamins and minerals interfere with each other and need to be taken in balanced amounts or at different times of day. Taking large amounts of folate can also cover the symptoms of a B12 deficiency, making it more difficult to diagnose.
Expert Insight
Follow-up is very important after gastric bypass surgery as vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common, says Matrana, even among those who take supplements after their surgeries. Sometimes the deficiencies are not symptomatic and will not be discovered and corrected without the proper follow-up.
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