Ringworm is a fungal infection involving the skin. The type of fungus causing the infection varies depending on the location of the body affected. This skin infection commonly affects children on the body and the scalp, according to the Merck Manuals Online Medical Library. Ringworm is highly contagious and thrives in warm, moist environments. Symptoms of ringworm include a ring-shaped, red, itchy rash that appears on the scalp or body. Children with ringworm of the scalp may experience bald patches and broken hair on the head. Treatment for the condition varies depending on the severity of the ringworm.
Topical Medications
Topical antifungal medications are available over-the-counter to help treat ringworm on a toddler's body. The creams available include ketoconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole. Using a corticosteroid cream may help reduce the itching associated with a ringworm infection.
Oral Medications
Children with a ringworm infection affecting the scalp require an oral antifungal medication because the topical treatments do not penetrate the scalp. Toddlers with ringworm covering an extensive portion of the body may also need oral antifungal medications. Common prescription medications include fluconazole, ketoconazole and terbinafine, according to Skinsight. Some ringworm infections may lead to a bacterial infection and may require the use of oral antibiotics.
Duration
Changes in the appearance of ringworm on the scalp and the body may not become evident immediately. It may take several weeks of using the topical medications to see results and a decrease in the symptoms of the infection. Taking oral antifungal medications for treating ringworm on the scalp may take at least six weeks or longer, according to MayoClinic.com. The topical treatment for ringworm on the body requires application twice each day until the rash disappears and then for 7 to 10 additional days to help prevent a recurrence of the infection.
Side Effects
Children may experience side effects while using antifungal medications. Possible side effects include nausea, headache and dizziness. Some children may also experience itching or a rash on the skin after application of the medicine.
Complications
Even with treatment, children may experience complications with ringworm on the scalp. The condition may recur after treatment. The ringworm infection may also spread to other areas of the body, especially if children do not wash their hands after touching their scalps. Using a medicated shampoo 2 to 3 times each week on the scalp may help prevent the spread of the infection to other body parts or to other people. Common shampoos used include ketoconazole and selenium sulfide.
