Indigestion, also called dyspepsia, is characterized by burning pain or discomfort in the upper to middle part of your stomach. It can occur while eating or shortly after consuming a meal. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse explains that indigestion is very common in adults. Although mild indigestion is typically harmless, in some cases it can signal a more serious underlying condition. Contact your physician if you are experiencing frequent or severe burning while eating.
Causes
Possible causes of indigestion include overindulging in alcohol or caffeine, smoking tobacco, consuming spicy, greasy or fatty foods, and eating too much or too quickly. Causes that may be more serious include gallstones, pancreatitis, stomach inflammation and ulcers. Certain medications such as aspirin, antibiotics or pain relievers can also lead to burning stomach discomfort. Even psychological factors such as extreme stress or nervousness can play a role.
Diagnosis
Along with an evaluation of your medical history and a physical exam, your physician may order additional laboratory tests to diagnose the cause of indigestion. Possible tests include an X-ray of your upper gastrointestinal system and small intestine; a blood or stool test to determine whether a peptic ulcer is causing the indigestion; an upper endoscopy; an abdominal ultrasound; or an abdominal CT scan. Before your appointment, tell your doctor about any medications including herbs and supplements that you are regularly taking, and follow all directions regarding restrictions prior to testing.
Treatment
Indigestion treatment depends on the primary cause. Antacids such as Rolaids or Mylanta are usually the first line of defense against indigestion. If those do not work, your physician may recommend an over-the-counter or prescription acid reducer such as Zantac or Prilosec. Antibiotics may be prescribed when a peptic ulcer caused by h-pylori bacteria leads to indigestion.
Prevention
Making certain lifestyle changes may help prevent indigestion. Try eating several small meals rather than three large ones and chew your food thoroughly. Get plenty of exercise and maintain a healthy weight. Determine your triggers, such as coffee, alcohol or spicy foods, and avoid them as often as possible. Lower your stress by creating a calm and relaxing mealtime environment, getting plenty of sleep and practicing relaxation techniques.
Considerations
FamilyDoctor.org explains that in rare cases burning pain in the stomach can indicate the presence of stomach cancer or other life-threatening conditions. It is important to notify your doctor right away about any new or abnormal symptoms, especially if you are over age 50, are suddenly losing weight without trying to do so, experience severe vomiting, have difficulty swallowing or are passing tarry stools or feel a mass in your abdomen.
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