Understanding the Urinary Tract
The urinary tract runs throughout the ureters, bladder, urethra and kidneys. It allows urine to flow from the bladder, then out the urethra as waste. This waste includes byproducts of bodily functions such as toxins, water and salt. When bacteria enters the body through the urethra and reaches areas of the lower urinary tract, it can spread and lead to a localized infection. When an infection occurs, the symptoms can appear to be bothersome and in some cases very painful. Some people may have a urinary tract infection days or weeks before they showcase symptoms. Learning what the initial symptoms are will allow for getting a proper diagnosis of a urinary tract infection and the best route of treatment as soon as possible.
Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms
The symptoms of a urinary tract infection can start off with a strong or sudden urge to urinate. This is caused by the inflammation of the tract itself and the muscles that surround the bladder. This symptom can be very uncomfortable in both men and women. The urge can also be followed by a burning feeling while urinating. In cases that are more advanced, blood can be found in the urine---this is called hematuria. Urine can also have a strong ammonia order or a foul odor when infection is present.
If the lower urinary tract remains untreated, it can lead to a bladder infection. This is also a part of the urinary tract. Pressure in the pelvis and lower abdomen followed by frequent urination are common symptoms of this advanced type of urinary tract infection. If the infection spreads to the kidneys or starts in the kidneys and makes its way through the urinary tract a sharp, piercing pain in the pelvis is one of the marked symptoms. The patient may also spike a fever over 101 degrees, have chills and shaking---similar to flu symptoms. In some cases nausea followed by vomiting may also be a sign of a kidney and urinary tract infection.
Diagnosis and Treatment
When any of these symptoms appear, seeking medical treatment is necessary for a complete recovery with no complications. For immediate relief, drinking up to four cups of cranberry juice a day may help with current symptoms of painful and burning urination. This should only be a temporary measure until a professional diagnosis can be confirmed. At the physician's office, a clean-catch urine test will likely be performed to establish diagnosis. This test uses sterile wipes and a cleansing solution to eliminate exterior bacteria and contaminates that may be present so a clear read can be detected. In cases where there is blood in the urine, the physician may wish to institute an ultrasound. This will allow for an inside look at how the kidneys and bladder are working and if they are functioning properly or have been affected adversely by the infection. The treatment plan will likely include a strong course of antibiotics such as penicillin or amoxicillin in order to kill off the bacteria and help re-establish a healthy urinary tract.
