Textured vegetable protein, also known as TVP, is a food product made from protein extracted from soybeans. High in protein and low in saturated fats, TVP has a texture and elasticity that is similar to meat and can act as a meat extender in recipes that call for meat. The protein is also a good protein replacement in vegetarian diets.
Manufacture
To produce TVP, the manufacturer first processes the soybeans into flour. The flour is first cooked and the fat is removed. The manufacturer then extrudes the mixture through a die, under pressure and heat, to both puff and set the protein. The product is then mechanically processed into different forms of TVP. Once made, TVP can be immediately added as an ingredient in other foods or dried to form a shelf-stable product.
Nutrition
TVP is a good source of protein that is very low in fat, delivering 50 g of protein per 1-cup serving, according to the National Soybean Research Laboratory. It also delivers 16 g of dietary fiber in the same serving. Many flavored TVPs contain hydrolized fat. TVP is often fortified with vitamins, including B12.
Use
Use textured vegetable protein as a meat extender or replacement in any food that calls for ground meat. Rehydrate the protein before you add it to recipes where the meat is formed, such as in meat loaf or meatballs. Add boiling water and allow the protein to soak for five minutes. You can also use meat or vegetable stock or tomato juice, instead of water, to improve the flavor. For other dishes, such as chili, soups or stews, add the protein directly to the mix.
Types
TVP comes in a variety of forms, including flakes, crumbles, chunks and granules. Larger products, such as burger patties, can also be made. The protein is also available in flavors that include Italian sausage, ham, bacon, pepperoni and taco meat. Some of these products include a certain amount of fat, incorporated as a means to carry flavor additives. For example, sausage TVP may have up to 17 percent fat.
Benefits
For individuals that follow a vegetarian diet, TVP can help to maintain proper protein levels without the need to eat meat products. Because TVP is naturally low in saturated fats, it is also better for a heart-healthy diet. TVP is also much less expensive than a comparable measure of ground beef. Fortified with vitamin B12, TVP can provide a vegetarian source of the vitamin, which is commonly found only in meat products and lacking in vegetarian diets.
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