The over-the-counter weight loss drug Alli is a reduced strength version of orlistat, the main ingredient in the prescription drug Xenical. Alli works by blocking absorption of 25 percent of the fat you eat, according to the product's website My Alli. Because of this, there are treatment effects -- which is what My Alli calls side effects -- that are possible if you eat more than 15 g of fat per meal while taking the drug.
Diarrhea
The most common treatment effect of Alli is diarrhea, especially when more than 15 g of fat is consumed per meal. The diarrhea is usually frequent, sudden and uncontrollable. In some cases, bowel movements may contain brown or orange oil. Even if diarrhea doesn't occur, it is possible that you may experience gas with an oily discharge that may stain undergarments.
Nausea
Nausea, possibly with vomiting, is possible. Sometimes, stomach cramping may also occur.
Other Side Effects
Some people who take Alli may experience cold- and flu-like symptoms, including fever, chills, sore throat, stuffy nose, sneezing and coughing. Backaches, headaches and gum and teeth problems are also possible.
Serious Side Effects
The FDA is looking into reports of liver damage associated with orlistat, the active ingredient in Alli. Signs of liver damage include clay-colored stool, dark urine, fatigue, jaundice and itching. Allergic reactions are also possible. Signs of this include hives; difficulty breathing; and burning, itching or swelling of the face, mouth, tongue and/or lips.
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