Acid reflux, also known as GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) and sometimes referred to as heartburn, occurs when food travels in reverse from the stomach up through the lower esophageal sphincter and up the esophageal tract through the chest and throat. This condition is usually a result of a weakened esophageal muscle and causes a burning sensation. Over time, reflux can cause damage to the lining of the esophagus and throat and can eventually lead to serious complications including esophageal cancer.
Causes of acid reflux include ulcers, hiatal hernia, pregnancy, asthma, and a poorly functioning esophageal sphincter. Stress, smoking, excessive eating, and consuming a diet high in fatty foods can also contribute to acid reflux.
General Guidelines for Eating
The diet to prevent or reduce acid reflux is relatively simple to follow. The goal is to reduce the symptoms of acid reflux by balancing the acidity of the stomach and reducing pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter so as to prevent fluid from flowing back up the esophagus. In general:
1. Avoid acidic foods.
2. Avoid chewing gum or hard candy.
3. Decrease fat consumption.
4. Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
5. Avoid lying down right after meals.
6. Avoid tight clothing.
7. Stop smoking.
8. Lose weight, if overweight.
Foods to Avoid
To keep acid reflux from becoming worse, avoid the following foods:
Citrus fruits including lemons, limes, oranges, grapefruit, and juices
Acidic vegetables including tomatoes, raw onions, garlic, and shallots
Coffee (regular and decaffeinated) and caffeinated teas
Alcohol, especially beer
Caffeinated soda
Chocolate
Peppermint and spearmint
Spicy foods and foods containing chili peppers
Fatty meats and dairy products
Cream-based soups
Fried foods
Oils
Recommended Foods
The following foods are recommended for those suffering from acid reflux:
Apples, bananas, grapes, berries, pears, peaches, melon, carrots, green beans, potatoes, broccoli, lettuce, corn, and squash
Low-fat and lean meats, poultry, and fish
Low-fat and fat-free milk, cheese, and yogurt
Complex carbohydrates including whole wheat bread and white or brown rice
Decaffeinated drinks, low-fat drinks, and juices (except citrus)
Low-fat soups and stews
Low or nonfat desserts
Warning
If symptoms of acid reflux persist, contact your physician.
