Crohn's disease is a chronic condition causing inflammation of the digestive tract. The condition can occur anywhere from the mouth to the anus, but most commonly affects the end of the small intestine and beginning of large intestine. The condition belongs to a larger group of disorders known as inflammatory bowel disease. Symptoms include persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. About 700,000 American's suffer from the condition and a cure is not available, according to 2009 information from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. A specific diet is not recommended for those suffering from Crohn's disease. Still, dietary habits may greatly affect the disorder and decrease symptoms.
Hydrotherapy
People with Crohn's disease must consume high amounts of water to prevent dehydration caused by diarrhea, advises the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. Severe dehydration may lead to kidney damage as well as kidney stones. Crohn's disease sufferers have a higher incidence rate of kidney stones. Those with Crohn's disease to drink ½ oz. of fluid per pound of body weight per day. Beverages should be slowly sipped and without a straw to avoid inhaling additional air; excess air leads to additional gas, bloating and discomfort.
Balanced Diet and Nutritional Support
A person with Crohn's disease must focus on eating a healthy, well-balanced diet. He may require additional nutritional and energy requirements because his body does not absorb all the nutrients, vitamins and minerals from food eaten. Malnutrition is a complication of Crohn's disease; in children and teenagers it may even stunt growth. The extent of malabsorption depends on where Crohn's disease takes place. The Crohn's and Colitis Foundation recommends a diet with components from all food groups for a healthy balance. Diets high in fruits and vegetables are recommended for fiber and carbohydrates. Some people may need to steam or bake fruits and vegetables instead of eating them raw to avoid additional symptoms. Meat and fish provide ample sources of protein. The University of Maryland Medical Center website suggests adding antioxidant rich foods to your diet, such as bell peppers, cherries and squash, as well as B vitamin-rich foods. These foods include whole grains and green leafy vegetables. Some patients may require nutritional support. Nasogastric or stomach tubes deliver liquid-rich nutrients directly into the stomach or intestines. Patients may choose to administer liquids at night and continue to eat a healthy diet during the day. Some medications can also decrease malabsorption.
Lactose-Free Diet
Lactose intolerance may occur in some Crohn's disease patients. Lactose is a natural sugar found in most dairy products. Avoiding milk, cheese and even ice cream products is recommended. MayoClinic.com recommends taking an enzyme product such as Lactaid so the body can temporarily tolerate lactose. Calcium supplements may be suggested if a person is not receiving enough calcium due to dairy restrictions.
References
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America: Diet and Nutrition
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Crohn's Disease
- MedlinePlus: Crohn's Disease
- Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology: Crohn's Disease
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America: About Crohn's Disease
- MayoClinic.com: Crohn's Disease
