Goat's milk is a significant source of calcium, with one cup containing 327 mg, which is 34 mg more calcium per cup than cow's milk. Calcium is also a source of protein and many essential vitamins. Percentages listed are for adults under age 50. Values may vary for children and older adults.
Calories
One cup of goat's milk contains 168 calories, more than half of which come from fat. One cup of goat's milk contains 10.1 g of fat, 6.5 of which are saturated fat. One cup also contains 2.7 g of monounsaturated fat and .36 g of polyunsaturated fat. One cup contains 27 mg of cholesterol as well.
Protein
One cup of goat's milk contains 8.7 g of protein, which is 19 percent of the dietary reference intake, or DRI, for women and 16 percent for men. This protein is composed of 18 different amino acids, including all 10 of the essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are the amino acids that must be ingested through food because they are not manufactured by the body. A food such as goat's milk that contains all 10 essential amino acids is considered a complete protein.
Carbohydrates
One cup of goat's milk contains 10.86 of carbohydrates, all of which are sugar. Goat's milk contains no fiber.
Minerals
Like cow's milk, goat's milk is high in calcium. One cup provides 33 percent of the DRI for calcium, which is important for bone growth, muscle flexion and blood clotting. One cup of goat's milk also supplies 39 percent of the DRI for phosphorus and 25 percent of the DRI for potassium. Goat's milk also contains copper, with one cup supplying 12 percent of the DRI.
Water-Soluble Vitamins
Goat's milk provides many water-soluble vitamins such as riboflavin, of which there are .337 mcg per serving. This is more than 25 percent of the DRI. One cup of goat's milk also supplies 15 percent of the DRI for pantothenic acid, which aids in the metabolism of fat. One cup of goat's milk provides approximately 10 percent of the DRI for thiamin as well.
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Like many types of cow's milk, goat's milk is often fortified with vitamin D which increases the vitamin D content to 3.2 mcg, which is 64 percent of the DRI. Vitamin D is essential for the maintenance of healthy phosphorus and calcium levels. One cup of goat's milk also supplies more than 15 percent of the DRI for vitamin A.
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