A macrobiotic diet adheres to the Eastern philosophy of combining foods to balance the yin and yang. Foods are paired by sharpness, sweetness, saltiness or bitterness to achieve balance. The Americanized version of the macrobiotic diet is a vegetarian plan that has been modified and appeals to people who seek spiritual and physical well-being.
History
The word macrobiotic means "long life." George Ohsawa developed the macrobiotic philosophy. Ohsawa believed that a simple diet was key to good health, and a diet composed of simple foods could cure serious illness, including cancer. The macrobiotic was not developed to fight cancer; however, it has been widely used for this purpose. Older versions of the diet were too restrictive and dangerous and advocates now promote flexibility, while still following certain guidelines. Some people view the macrobiotic diet as a way of life, incorporating aspects of Buddhism with diet principles.
Diet
A person on a macrobiotic diet consumes whole grains, cereal and cooked vegetable. A macrobiotic diet is usually vegetarian. The American Cancer Society states that 50 to 60 percent of the diet consists of organically grown whole grains, 20 to 25 percent of organically, locally grown fruits and vegetable, and 5 to 10 percent of soups made with vegetables, seaweed, grains, beans and miso. People on macrobiotic diets are discouraged from eating dairy products, eggs, coffee, sugar, red meat, poultry and processed foods. Some vegetables, including potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, asparagus and avocados are also discouraged. Fruit consumed should be grown locally.
Benefits
Unfortunately, no randomized clinical trials have been done to prove that a macrobiotic diet can prevent or cure cancer, but low-fat, high-fiber diets can help prevent heart disease, diabetes, obesity, colon cancer and reduce blood pressure. Eating a wide variety of whole foods, and avoiding sugar, processed foods, and alcohol can help improve a person's nutrition.
Risks
The possibility of malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies, including vitamin B12 exists for people who follow a macrobiotic diet, especially children and infants. According to the macrobiotic philosophy, only 6 percent of calories should come from protein. The lack of meat, cheese, and eggs can cause some individuals to become deficient in protein, which is essential for repairing cells and building new ones.
Considerations
Before committing to a macrobiotic diet, a person should consult his doctor to assess whether or not a macrobiotic lifestyle is something he should pursue. A macrobiotic diet takes careful planning to ensure that daily dietary guidelines and recommendations are met. Flexibility with choices is key to healthy eating. A dietitian can help develop a meal plan that includes numerous option that fit the macrobiotic philosophy.
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