Low potassium, medically known as hypokalemia, is a condition caused by a variety of factors. Inadequate intake of potassium, poor mineral absorption, diarrhea, eating disorders and the use of prescription diuretics or antibiotics may lead to hypokalemia, according to MedlinePlus. This condition may cause several serious health problems. Check with your doctor if you suspect you have hypokalemia.
Rhabdomyolysis
Low potassium levels may result in rhabdomyolysis. This condition is characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue. Rhabdomyolysis causes the release of myoglobin, a protein that makes up muscle fibers, into the bloodstream. Myoglobin can cause damage to the kidneys, and may result in kidney failure. Rhabdomyolysis may also cause symptoms such as muscle pain and stiffness, seizures, weight gain, fatigue and joint pain.
High Blood Pressure
Low levels of potassium in the bloodstream may be associated with high blood pressure, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Increases in dietary potassium may have a beneficial effect on high blood pressure. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to prove the connection between potassium levels in the bloodstream and high blood pressure.
Dysrhythmia
Dysrhythmia is a condition characterized by abnormal heart rhythms. This condition may produce several symptoms, such as fainting, excessive sweating, chest pain, dizziness and breathing difficulties. Low potassium levels are linked to dysrhythmia, particularly in people who have heart disease, notes MedlinePlus.
Stroke
Potassium is associated with decreased risk of stroke, and people with hypokalemia may have greater-than-normal risk of stroke, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. However, only potassium derived from food sources may help reduce the risk of stroke -- potassium supplements may not have the same effect.
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