A Low-Impact Workout
Elliptical trainers were created to provide a low-impact workout as an alternative to treadmills.
"Really it is a cross between a treadmill and a stair stepper," says David K. Spierer, assistant professor of sports sciences at Long Island University, Brooklyn Campus. "The beauty is it doesn't have any impact ... because the feet don't leave the pedal."
The machines are especially good for people who have knee problems and those who suffer from shin splints, he said.
Motion Resembles Running
When you use an elliptical, you move in a motion that resembles running. You place your feet on large pedals and move them in an oval--or elliptical--motion. It is a cardiovascular workout.
"It's the closest thing you can get to in terms of jogging in a gym other than the treadmill," Spierer says.
Because your feet are not strapped in, you need to make sure you reposition them when they slide to avoid knee damage, he added.
Upper Body Workouts
Many elliptical machines also have arm poles, allowing you to push and pull as you go. "These are an overall body machine," Spierer says. "They provide endurance for upper and lower body muscles."
The newer elliptical machines also allow users to program resistance for both upper and lower body.
Add an Incline
Some elliptical machines also feature an incline, similar to a treadmill. The incline enables you to work the butt and back of your thighs instead of the front of your thighs.
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