Most research shows that omega-3 supplements are safe as long as they are taken as they are recommended -- in low doses of 3g or less a day, and preferably with food. Some have even noted that freezing the oil tablet helps with digestion. Most often when issues arise, it is due to poor quality brands of the supplement or pre-existing medical conditions. Like any other vitamin or mineral, the best source of omega-3 can be obtained through the diet from saltwater fish consisting of salmon, herring, sardines and tuna with the second option being through supplementation after consulting with a physician. There are no questions about the health benefits of omega-3 supplements, but there are also side effects if taken in large doses.
Bleeding
According to the Mayo Clinic, since omega-3 can act as a blood-thinning agent, large doses can cause blood clots to break down, increase the chances of bleeding and make it harder to get the bleeding to stop. People who bruise easily, as well as people who have any type of bleeding disorder should not take omega-3 supplements without consulting their doctor first. It would also be beneficial for people that are on prescribed or over-the-counter blood thinning medications to do so as well.
Gastrointestinal Irritations
MayoClinic.com also states that high doses of omega-3 can cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Diarrhea, nausea, bloating, belching, abdominal pain and acid reflux are all symptoms that can possibly be prevented or reduced if the omega-3 supplement is taken with food or by gradually increasing the dosage up to the recommended 3g a day. Switching the brand of the supplement or switching to time-released capsules could also be beneficial in these situations.
High Cholesterol
MedlinePlus.com states that excessive omega-3 can lead to an increase in low-density lipoproteins, known as the "bad" cholesterol, which carries the cholesterol throughout the body and hardens and narrows the walls of the arteries. This, in turn, increases the overall blood cholesterol level. High cholesterol has been proven to lead to cardiovascular disease, clogged and hardening of arteries, stroke and even heart attack.
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