Basics
Breast augmentation, also called mammography, is a cosmetic surgery procedure that enlarges and enhances the breasts. Implants are used to make breasts fuller and larger. Women choose breast augmentation for a number of reasons, ranging from a desire to improve appearance to filling in sagging breasts following weight loss.
Consultation
Most plastic surgeons ask women why they want the surgery and what their expectations are to make sure they are being realistic and have the right frame of mind. Patients who hold unrealistic expectations may not make ideal candidates for the surgery. For the most part, doctors at the American Psychology Association report that patients who got breast augmentation and other cosmetic procedures were pleased with their new look and experienced a boost in self-esteem. Surgeons should take a family history that includes information about breast cancer in the family and a woman's mammogram history. Women at high risk for developing breast cancer don't make good candidates for a breast augmentation because the implants interfere with mammogram results. Patients should provide information about drugs they are taking and other medical conditions. Doctors may request additional tests, such as cardiac or blood tests, to determine eligibility for surgery. The cosmetic surgeon examines the breast, taking measurements and noting nipple placement and skin condition.
Process
A breast augmentation typically is performed on an outpatient basis in the operating room of a cosmetic surgery practice or in a suite at a local hospital. General anesthesia is administered. The doctor makes incisions that will be hidden when the procedure is completed. Both breasts are prepared at the same time. Cuts may be located under the breast, in the armpit or around the areola. The placement of the incision depends on the size of the implants and the condition of the skin on the breasts, as well the surgeon's preference. The breast implant is inserted through the incision. Implants may be filled with saline or silicone. The implant can be placed underneath the pectoral muscle in the chest or on top of the muscle, behind the breast tissue. Placement of the implant depends on the size of the new breast, the general health of the patient and the desired outcome of the procedure. The incisions are closed with surgical tape, staples, skin adhesive or sutures.
Follow-up
The results of a breast augmentation are immediately visible. Recovery from the general anesthesia and trauma of surgery generally takes a couple days. Patients often are advised to rest for a couple more days to allow the swelling to subside. Soreness may persist for up to two weeks. Patients typically return to normal activities within a couple weeks. Rigorous exercise may be restricted for up to six months.
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