A shrub-like herb produces a type of soluble fiber called psyllium, used commercially as a bulk-forming laxative in a variety of over-the-counter and prescription medications. Fiber helps absorb fluids in the intestine to aid in passing stool. Along with improving digestion, psyllium may also lower cholesterol levels and treat intestinal conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome. However, psyllium poses certain health risks and negative drug interactions.
Side Effects
Side effects can occur while taking psyllium. Seek medical attention if signs of a severe allergic reaction appear such as swelling of the face or throat, hives and breathing difficulties. Other serious side effects of psyllium may include severe stomach cramping, vomiting and diarrhea, trouble swallowing, constipation lasting longer than a week and rectal bleeding, according to the website Drugs. Less serious effects include bloating or changes in bowel habits.
Drug Interactions
Psyllium may interact with many different types of medications. It may interact with a type of antidepressant medication called tricyclics by lowering the levels of the medication in the blood and decreasing the effectiveness of the medication. It may also decrease the absorption of the seizure medication carbamazepine and the heart medication digoxin. Psyllium may also reduce the effectiveness of the bipolar medication lithium and increases the risk of hypoglycemia or low blood sugar levels in individuals taking diabetes medications, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Laxative Abuse
The laxative effects of psyllium may be habit-forming increasing the risk of abuse, particularly in individuals with eating disorders. Psyllium should not be taken longer than directed and only as recommended by a doctor. Laxative abuse causes a loss of important minerals, electrolytes, fluids and nutrients leading to imbalances that can result in a variety of health complications such as severe dehydration, according to the National Eating Disorders Association. Abuse may also damage the digestive tract increasing the risk of infection, irritable bowel syndrome and colon cancer.
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