Vitamins are a group of 13 nutrients that are required for the healthy growth and development of your body. Vitamins A, C, D, E, K and B complex maintain and regulate almost every system in your body, be it the nervous system, digestive system or immune system. Daily recommended doses of all vitamins may be obtained from a balanced diet. However, vitamin supplements may be required to treat certain deficiencies or conditions. While most vitamin supplements are well tolerated, high doses of certain vitamins may lead to adverse reactions.
Digestive Problems
Upset stomach, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and lack of appetite are the most common side effects of mild overdose of vitamins C, D and A. The University of Maryland Medical Center notes that very high doses of vitamin B-3, which may be recommended to lower cholesterol, can lead to liver damage and stomach ulcers in some patients.
Hemorrhage
Hemorrhage, abnormal blood coagulation and platelet aggregation are some health risks associated with excessive vitamin E, according to the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Hemorrhage may also occur from an overdose of vitamin A.
Bone Pain
Vitamin D plays an important role in the absorption of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which in turn help in growth and maintenance of bones in your body. While deficiency of vitamin D leads to soft and brittle bones, excess of vitamin D may lead to bone pain, bowing of the shoulders, loss of height and spinal column curvature, according to MayoClinic.com.
Impaired Kidney Function
Kidneys play an important role in maintaining electrolyte balance and pH of the body fluids. Kidneys are an important part of the urinary tract, and they help maintain blood pressure. Excessive amounts of vitamins impair kidney function in many ways. Overdose of vitamin C may lead to kidney stones, while excess of vitamin D may lead to calcium deposition in kidneys.
Skin Problems
High doses of several vitamins may manifest as skin problems. Increased amounts of vitamin B-3 or niacin in the body may lead to niacin flushes that are characterized by a burning, tingling sensation in the face and chest and by red or "flushed" skin. According to MayoClinic.com, vitamin B-12 may cause rash, itching and temporary exanthema. Vitamin C may cause dry skin and itching in some individuals.
Allergic Reactions
Allergic reactions to vitamins may be experienced by some people. Such reactions include hives, difficulty breathing and swelling of the face, lips and throat. Drugs.com recommends immediate medical attention for patients who experience these symptoms while taking multivitamin or individual vitamin supplements.
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