An itchy, flaky scalp can be uncomfortable and a nuisance. It can also signal a medical problem, and a healthy scalp is needed for a good head of hair, as well. Shampoo is often the first course of action when battling a scalp or hair problem. Choosing the right shampoo can help to treat your scalp problem effectively, but consult your doctor before beginning treatment.
Identification
An itchy, flaky scalp can indicate a few different scalp conditions. Dandruff, the most commonly known and misidentified scalp condition, does result in an itchy, flaky scalp, as well as redness and irritation. Dandruff is an infection that causes large, flaky dead skin cells. Seborrheic dermatitis also causes an itchy, flaky scalp accompanied by inflammation and redness. Scalp psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition that causes scales, flaking, redness and itchiness. A dry scalp will feel tight and itchy, and due to the lack of scalp oil, the skin can flake.
Types
Selenium sulfide shampoos are often used for cases of dandruff. It is an anti-infective agent which can relieve the itching and flaking, according to PubMed Health. Seborrheic dermatitis can also be treated with dandruff shampoos as well as those containing the active ingredient ketoconazole. This will help to control the oil build up on the scalp. A shampoo with either salicylic acid or coal tar can effectively treat scalp psoriasis. They work by causing the outer layer of the skin to shed, according to the National Psoriasis Foundation. They also help to slow the rapid production of skin cells, relieving inflammation and itchiness.
Directions
Selenium sulfide has two strengths: 1 percent and 2.5 percent. The 2.5 percent strength is typically by prescription only, according to the Mayo Clinic. The 1 percent strength should be used twice a week for two weeks and then once a week for 2 to 4 weeks. Use with caution as there could be allergic or negative reactions. Coal tar and salicylic acid shampoos should be used with caution since they are very potent. They may further irritate or redden the skin and subsequently dry out your hair.
Risk Factors
Dandruff is caused by an infection and is often confused with dry scalp. Cold or arid weather can lead to an itchy, dry, flaky scalp as can high heat from a blow dryer. Seborrheic dermatitis is theorized to be a fungal infection. The fungus feeds on skin oils and dead skin cells causing inflammation and flaking, according to the Surviving Hair Loss website. Scalp psoriasis may be caused by an autoimmune disorder or genetics. In some cases, psoriasis is dormant and a trigger such as stress, injury or medications will bring about a psoriasis breakout.
Considerations
Other treatments for a dry, itchy, flaky scalp can include deep conditioning treatments. Moisturizers and lotions for the scalp may also help. Scalp massages help to enhance blood circulation to the scalp, according to the Hair Finder website.
