DHEA, or dehydroepiandrosterone, is a hormone produced naturally in the body that is also available as a dietary supplement. Produced by the adrenal glands, DHEA helps make male and female sex hormones, but levels of DHEA slowly decline with age leading to unwanted side effects. DHEA supplements may help improve memory loss and slow aging, as well as help other problems associated with the decline in natural levels. However, dietary supplements should only be used under the supervision of a trained health care professional.
Side Effects
Side effects can occur while taking DHEA supplements and long-term use increases the risk of side effects. Side effects include fatigue, acne, headache, congestion, irregular heartbeats, upset stomach and high blood pressure. DHEA supplements may increase the production of testosterone, a male hormone in the body. In women, this can cause masculinization, which may include hair growth on the face and hair loss on the head, a deepening of the voice, weight gain, acne and menstrual cycle changes. In men, an increase in testosterone may lead to aggression, male pattern baldness and testicle shrinkage, according to MedlinePlus.
Drug Interactions
Certain medications may interact with DHEA and lead to unwanted side effects, and as such, it is important to speak with a doctor before taking DHEA supplements. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, DHEA may increase or strengthen the effects of the HIV infection medication zidovudine, as well as barbiturates and corticosteroids; more research studies are needed to determine if these combinations are safe. Drugs that may decrease DHEA levels in the body include antipsychotics, certain asthma medications, oral contraceptives and oral diabetes medications. Medications that increase the levels of DHEA in the body include medications for the treatment of endometriosis, ADHD, Cushing's syndrome, high blood pressure, breast cancer and anxiety.
Precautions and Warnings
In general, the recommended dose of DHEA for adult males is 50 mg per day and 25 mg per day for females, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Higher doses can be toxic to liver cells and may stop the body's production of natural DHEA. Individuals with liver disease, polycystic ovarian disease or pregnant or breastfeeding women should not take DHEA. Also individuals with cancers sensitive to the hormone estrogen, such as breast, uterine and ovarian cancer, should not take DHEA supplements, according to MedlinePlus. DHEA may also lower HDL, or good, cholesterol levels, as well as lead to insulin resistance in some individuals. It is important to monitor cholesterol and glucose levels while taking DHEA supplements in individuals with low HDL cholesterol or diabetes, respectively.
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