Dry skin, or xerosis, is a common problem, especially in low-humidity climates or extreme temperatures. Wind and sun exposure can dry your skin, which is not usually a serious problem but can be quite uncomfortable. Very dry hands can generally be treated with inexpensive over-the-counter remedies, though extreme cases may require a visit to a dermatologist.
Causes
Dry skin on the hands can be partially hereditary or due to hormonal changes such as menopause. It can also be related to occupation or activities. For example, someone who spends a lot of time cleaning without wearing gloves may experience dry hands as a result of harsh cleansers or hot water. You may notice that your hands become drier in the winter or summer, especially if you spend a lot of time outside without wearing gloves or sunscreen.
Symptoms
According to the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, dry skin occurs most commonly on the hands, arms and legs. More serious symptoms of dry skin may be related to eczema or dermatitis, in which the skin becomes dark red or brown, cracks to the point of bleeding, itches intensely and may develop blisters. MayoClinic.com reports that eczema is most often seen in infants and children, but it may continue into adulthood. Other symptoms of dry skin on the hands include shriveling and tightness, flaking and scaling or the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Treatment
Using a thick hand cream or lotion can help heal dry skin. You may find spreading petroleum jelly on your hands and covering them with cotton gloves overnight to be an effective remedy. Olive oil and aloe lotion can be soothing. Wash your hands with a moisturizing soap and cool water to clean them without overdrying. Use a body wash formulated with cocoa or shea butter in the shower instead of regular bath soap. In extreme cases, a dermatologist can prescribe antibiotics or oral or topical corticosteroids.
Prevention
Dry skin can be prevented by wearing gloves when washing dishes or using household cleansers. Taking brief, lukewarm showers may also help. Drink plenty of water, aiming for at least 64 oz. a day, which will keep your skin hydrated from the inside. Keep sun and wind exposure as well as the use of central heating and air conditioning to a minimum.
Considerations
Determine the factors most likely responsible for your dry skin in order to seek appropriate treatment. If avoiding extreme temperatures and applying moisturizer to your hands don't work, consider your persistent symptoms. Hands that are dry to the point of cracking and bleeding may require medical intervention to alleviate pain and itching. If you show any other signs of an immune system suppression, such as frequent colds or infections, consult your physician to make sure your dry skin is not a sign of a larger problem.
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