Iron Supplements When Pregnant

A healthful lifestyle during pregnancy is important to ensure the baby has the best possible start. Iron supplementation is a common recommendation by physicians for pregnant women. The side effects of iron supplementation discourage women from taking the supplement, risking difficulties due to anemia. Moms should understand why iron is prescribed during pregnancy and the importance of compliance with the doctor's recommendations.

Role of Iron

The body needs iron to make hemoglobin, part of red blood cells. Hemoglobin transports oxygen throughout the body. Every cell in the baby's and mother's bodies require iron to make energy. Not consuming enough iron can lead to anemia. Symptoms of anemia include anorexia, chest pains or palpitations, coldness of extremities, dizziness, fatigue and weakness, difficulty concentrating and headaches. Iron deficiency can lead to premature birth and low infant birth weight.

Recommended Intake

Recommendation for total iron intake from food and supplementation is 27 milligrams per day for pregnant women, according to the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements. Physicians may recommend more or less depending on an individual's iron stores and risk of anemia.

Supplementation Side Effects

Side effects from iron supplementation tend to be digestive. These include gastrointestinal upset, nausea and constipation. The chance of side effects increases with higher doses.

Prevention of Side Effects

Side effects from high levels of iron can be severe enough to discourage women from continuing to take it. Smaller doses taken with food spread throughout the day can decrease the chance of complications. Some women have more issues with taking iron in the morning, so taking at night can be beneficial. Slow-release preparations may also be beneficial.

Considerations

Take iron supplements only if prescribed by a physician, as excess iron can be dangerous. If taking both iron and calcium supplements, they should not be taken at the same time. By taking them at least a couple hours apart, the body has a better chance of absorbing both. Take iron supplements with orange juice if tolerated to help with absorption.