Learning is a complex process dependent on a number of factors like memory, perception, processing, motivation, prior knowledge and intelligence. There are many places where the learning process can break down. Most can be improved with outside intervention, such as tutoring or mentoring. It is important to supply the right type and amount of assistance to help struggling students overcome learning difficulties.
Peer Tutoring
Peer tutoring, organized assistance and modeling provided by classmates, can be an effective means of supporting struggling learners. Examples of peer tutoring include paired reading and placing a strong student in a leadership position for a group project. Program organizers must assume responsibility for structuring, implementing and monitoring the program. It is important that peer tutors be provided with training regarding age-appropriate methods of sharing information, social interactions that promote modeling, and other strategies to increase their success.
Mentoring
Mentoring programs match volunteer adults with students who need additional guidance and assistance. With minimal training, most adults can assist with classroom assignments for younger students and implement basic drill and practice activities to boost weak skills. With additional training, mentors can assist with testing and progress monitoring as well as implementation of academic intervention programs. Mentors can also model behaviors that lead to academic and professional success.
Extra Help from the Teacher
Many teachers are willing to assist students in need of extra help during the moments before and after school or during breaks. This type of help is highly focused on current classroom topics and is most efficient for students having temporary or short term difficulties with isolated concepts.
Professional Tutoring
Professional tutors offer specialized assistance over a longer period of time. Some have additional training in programs and methodologies to assist students who have specific disabilities or problems. For example, a tutor may have specialized training to work with individuals with dyslexia. Professional tutors offer one-on-one support that will vary based on the student's needs. They can address underlying skill deficits as well as provide assistance with current educational needs.
Online Educational Support
Increasing numbers of companies, individuals, and publishers offer assistance for struggling students over the Internet. Help ranges from video tutorials covering difficult concepts to professional tutors who work with students through email, phone conversations and instant messaging. Many educational publishers now offer additional information keyed to textbooks on their websites or through services available to schools who have purchased programs.
Warnings
Numerous websites offer instant assistance with homework questions for free or by subscription. As with most business transactions, it's important for buyers to be wary and check references for these services. Be sure the information being shared is accurate and complete, and that the service follows ethical standards. There is no gain for the student's skills if someone else completes the work or offers plagiarized assistance.
References
- "Journal of College Reading and Learning"; Academic Support and College Success for Postsecondary Students with Learning Disabilities; Troiano, Peter F.; Liefeld, Julie Ann; Trachtenberg, Jennifer V.; March; 2010
- "Education & Treatment of Children"; Total Class Peer Tutoring and Interdependent Group Oriented Contingency: Improving the Academic and Task Related Behaviors of Fourth-Grade Urban Students; Ya-yu Lo; August; 2004
- "Academic Exchange Quarterly"; Assessing Effective Online Instruction Sites; Lisa Eargle; December; 2006
