Loss of appetite, especially if an individual is ill, can be serious and lead to problems. Not eating leads to a possible lack of nutrients, which can impact the immune system, interfere with healing and weaken the body. To counteract the loss of appetite that can accompany illness, appetite stimulants may be prescribed. Prior to taking these medications, the prescribing physician should be aware of any other medications and supplements being taken to avoid adverse interactions.
Megestrol (Megace)
Megestrol, the brand name drug Megace, is used to help stimulate appetite and weight gain caused by illness. According to Drugs.com, it is also used to treat endometrial and advanced breast cancers. It is typically given as a pill, but can also be given in liquid form. Common side effects of the medication include nausea or vomiting, headache, hot flashes, insomnia, reduced libido and weakness. Serious side effects that require immediate medical attention include trouble breathing or closing of the throat, severe and sudden headache, any vision changes and numbness or swelling of an arm or leg.
Dronabinol (Marinol)
Dronabinol, the generic name for Marinol, is a drug used to treat nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy as well as to stimulate appetite in ill patients whose appetite is lacking. It is a drug known as a cannabinoid and is given orally as a pill, according to the American Cancer Society. The drug is a synthetic, man-made form of cannabis, a plant related to marijuana. Typical side effects include disorientation, drowsiness, impaired coordination, dry mouth and low energy, according to the American Cancer Society. Individuals with hypertension, heart disease or elevated heart rate should not take dronabinol, nor should women who are pregnant or breast-feeding. The drug can be habit-forming and should be used with caution.
Dexamethasone (Decadron)
Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid often used in treating cancer patients. Brand names of the drug include Decadron and Diodex. According to Chemocare.com, this drug is used for a variety of reasons, including to stimulate appetite. To treat loss of appetite, it is given in a pill form. Common side effects listed by Chemocare.com include irritability, insomnia, heartburn, muscle weakness, slower wound healing and increased blood sugar levels. Serious side effects that warrant immediate medical attention include fever higher than 100.5, chills, irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, chest pain and rapid onset of confusion. Women who are pregnant or who are breast-feeding should consult with a physician before taking this drug.
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