You may require an iron supplement for a number of reasons, such as deficiency or pregnancy. Iron is necessary for the body to properly transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. The most common form of iron in supplements is ferrous iron. While iron supplements can be an essential part of treatment, they also have a number of side effects and, if taken in excess, can lead to a dangerous condition known as iron overload.
Common Reactions
All types of iron can cause side effects. The most common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, nausea, vomiting and stomach pain and cramping, according to MayoClinic.com. You may also feel flu-like symptoms such as fever, sweating, headache and chills. Other common side effects include backaches, muscle pain, flushing, numbness and tingling in the extremities, red skin, hives and a metallic taste in the mouth.
Iron Overload
The average healthy person only absorbs approximately 10 percent of the iron consumed, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Large doses of iron supplements can cause your body to store the excess iron within the liver, pancreas and heart. Over time, this excess iron causes scarring, damage and can lead to complications such as diabetes, cirrhosis and congestive heart failure and heart arrhythmias.
Iron Overdose
While iron overload occurs over time, iron overdose can happen in a short period. Early iron overdose reactions can include fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, which may include blood. MayoClinic.com explains that late iron overdose reactions include bluish-colored lips, palms and fingernails; shallow and rapid breathing; unusual weakness and fatigue; pale, clammy skin; and weak, rapid heartbeat.
Reducing Side Effects
Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach but this often leads to stomach upset. If you experience this reaction, your physician may encourage you to take the supplement with a small snack or meal. In some cases, physicians will start you on a lower iron supplement in order to help build a tolerance to it. The National Anemia Action Council also recommends talking to your physician about a stool softener or laxative if constipation is a problem. If side effects are severe, physicians may look for a different form of iron supplement.
Considerations
Not everybody will experience a reaction to iron supplements. However, you should report any suspected adverse reaction or side effect to your physician to determine the underlying cause. Some reactions, such as organ damage, can become permanent if not treated promptly.
Member Comments