Cholesterol is produced by the liver and obtained through diet. It is essential for cell structure and function, and for producing certain hormones. High cholesterol levels can lead to cardiovascular disease. Avoiding certain foods that contain cholesterol can help some people reduce their cholesterol levels.
Types
Cholesterol is commonly referred to as two types: "bad" and "good" cholesterol. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) tends to build up in arteries as plaques, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) appears to clear excess cholesterol from the arteries and carry it back to the liver for removal or reutilization.
Highest Amounts
Dietary cholesterol occurs in all animal products. The highest amounts are found in animal and poultry organs such as liver, along with fish eggs, certain types of fish oil and egg yolks.
Other Foods
Meat, poultry, seafood and dairy products, particularly whole-milk products, also contain cholesterol. Egg whites do not.
Considerations
Although fish contains cholesterol, it also has omega-3 fatty acids, which help raise the good HDL cholesterol. Fish is beneficial for a heart-healthy diet, says the Mayo Clinic website. Fish with high levels of these fatty acids include salmon, tuna, mackerel and sardines.
Expert Insight
The Mayo Clinic recommends eating 300 mg of cholesterol a day or less, and less than 200 mg for patients with heart disease. Possibilities include lean meat, fish with low cholesterol such as cod and halibut, yolk-free egg substitutes and no-fat dairy products.
