Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, or UMMC. Colorectal cancer refers to both cancers of the colon and the rectum. The colon is the lower area of your digestive system, while the rectum consists of the last several inches of the colon. Although the exact cause of colorectal cancer is not completely understood, it may be linked to a diet that's low in fiber and high in fat, reports MayoClinic.com.
Significance
The substances contained in the foods you eat can significantly impact the tissues and cells that line the intestinal tract, reports the Colon Cancer Foundation. People who eat a diet consisting largely of red and processed meats appear to be at a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
Expert Insight
A study published in May 2010 in the "Journal of the National Cancer Institute" found that as dietary fiber intake goes up, the risk of colorectal cancer goes down. Researchers examined the food diaries of more than 2,500 volunteers, nearly 600 of which developed colorectal cancer.
Considerations
Fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, fiber, minerals and vitamins that may protect you from chronic illnesses, including certain cancers, reports the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC. Eating a a variety of fruits and vegetables -- as well as other plant-based foods -- will ensure you get an assortment of vitamins and nutrients, note the American Cancer Society, or ACS.
Dietary Recommendations
The ACS recommends eating at least 5 servings of vegetables and fruits every day. The most colorful fruits and veggies tend to have the most nutrients. Examples include apples, bananas, berries, oranges, spinach and broccoli.
Whole grains are also an important part of a colorectal diet, reports MayoClinic.com, so aim for 6 daily servings of whole grain foods. Good choices include whole-wheat bread, whole-wheat pasta, brown rice, wild rice, barley, oatmeal, popcorn and bran cereals.
Limit your consumption of red meats and processed meats.
Outlook
The American Cancer Society says you can reduce your risk of developing colorectal cancer by taking charge of your diet and other lifestyle-related risk factors such as lack of exercise. Aim for at least 30 minutes of physical activity at least five days a week. Talk to your doctor before starting a new exercise regime.
Also limit your consumption of alcohol to two drinks per day for men and one drink for women, and quit smoking if you smoke currently.
References
- American Cancer Society: Can Colorectal Cancer Be Prevented?
- Colon Cancer Foundation: Diet can promote or prevent colon cancer
- Mayo Clinic: Colon Cancer
- PubMed.gov: Dietary fiber and colorectal cancer risk: a nested case-control study using food diaries.
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Colon and rectal cancers - Risk Factors and Prevention
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Fruits and Veggies Benefits
