Cholesterol and triglycerides are two types of lipids that move through the body in the bloodstream. Cholesterol and triglycerides cannot dissolve in blood, so they circulate bound to proteins called lipoproteins. Although often associated with negative health effects, in normal amounts, cholesterol and triglycerides play important roles in the body and in maintaining proper health.
Types of Cholesterol
There are two types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein. LDL cholesterol is often referred to as bad cholesterol. This type of cholesterol contributes to the accumulation of plaque on the arterial walls and the increased risk of developing heart disease. HDL cholesterol is usually referred to as good cholesterol. HDL cholesterol keeps LDL cholesterol from accumulating on the arterial walls. This type of cholesterol actually promotes heart health.
Normal Cholesterol Values
Cholesterol comes from the body, as well as diet. The liver and other body cells produce approximately 75 percent of the cholesterol in the body and diet contributes approximately 25 percent, according to the American Heart Association. Normal total cholesterol is defined as less than 200 mg per deciliter of blood. Normal LDL cholesterol is below 100 mg/dL. Normal HDL cholesterol is defined as 60 mg/dL or above.
Triglycerides
Triglycerides are the chemical storage form of fat in the body and the food you eat. When you eat, the body converts excess calories into triglycerides, which are stored in your fat cells. Triglycerides provide the body with energy between meals when glucose from carbohydrates is not readily available. A normal, healthy level for triglycerides is less than 150 mg per deciliter of blood.
Considerations
If cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the body get too high, it can result in increased risk for heart disease, heart attack and stroke. It is important to keep levels within normal ranges to maintain heart health and a healthy cardiovascular system.
Maintaining Normal Levels
The best way to maintain normal cholesterol and triglyceride levels is to follow a healthy, balanced diet and to engage in a regular exercise routine. Diets that are rich in whole grains, lean protein, fruits and vegetables help keep cholesterol and triglyceride levels normal. Saturated fat, trans fat and dietary cholesterol contribute to increased levels and should be avoided. You should avoid foods like fatty meats, eggs, fried foods and commercially baked items. Exercise can contribute to weight loss, which can help decrease cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In addition, exercise can help improve HDL cholesterol levels.
