One of the major nutrients in the body, protein is second only to water in the body's composition components. Muscle is made of protein, but each living cell in the body also contains protein to some extent.
Protein Compounds
Twenty-two separate amino acids combine in various amounts and ratios to make up each individual protein. The body can string amino acids together to form the proteins it requires to function.
Essential Amino Acids
There are nine amino acids that the body cannot create itself; these must come from sources outside the body.
Building Blocks
The body's organs are made of protein, as are hair, eyes and skin. Hormones such as insulin are protein substances. Enzymes---substances that act as catalysts for other substances---are often protein-built.
Other Roles
Protein is especially important in the growth of children, teens and pregnant women. Protein also serves to repair damaged body tissues and support optimum immune function. When calories are not available from carbohydrates, the body then breaks down protein for its energy needs.
Sources
Animal sources such as fish, meat, poultry, eggs and milk provide all the essential amino acids. Plant sources of protein such as nuts and beans contain many, but not all of the essential amino acids.
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